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CSS Typography
Typography is the art of arranging text to make it readable and visually appealing. Good typography is essential for creating professional websites.
Font Properties
Font Family
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/* Single font */
body {
font-family: Arial;
}
/* Font stack (fallbacks) */
body {
font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
/* Generic font families */
font-family: serif; /* Times New Roman, Georgia */
font-family: sans-serif; /* Arial, Helvetica */
font-family: monospace; /* Courier, Monaco */
font-family: cursive; /* Comic Sans MS */
font-family: fantasy; /* Impact */Font Size
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/* Absolute units */
font-size: 16px;
font-size: 12pt;
/* Relative units */
font-size: 1em; /* Relative to parent */
font-size: 1.5rem; /* Relative to root */
font-size: 100%;
/* Keywords */
font-size: small;
font-size: medium;
font-size: large;
font-size: x-large;Font Weight
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font-weight: normal; /* 400 */
font-weight: bold; /* 700 */
font-weight: lighter;
font-weight: bolder;
font-weight: 100; /* Thin */
font-weight: 300; /* Light */
font-weight: 500; /* Medium */
font-weight: 700; /* Bold */
font-weight: 900; /* Black */Font Style
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font-style: normal;
font-style: italic;
font-style: oblique;Text Properties
Text Color
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color: black;
color: #333333;
color: rgb(51, 51, 51);
color: rgba(51, 51, 51, 0.8);
color: hsl(0, 0%, 20%);Text Alignment
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text-align: left;
text-align: right;
text-align: center;
text-align: justify;Text Decoration
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text-decoration: none;
text-decoration: underline;
text-decoration: overline;
text-decoration: line-through;
text-decoration: underline dotted red;Text Transform
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text-transform: none;
text-transform: uppercase; /* HELLO */
text-transform: lowercase; /* hello */
text-transform: capitalize; /* Hello World */Line Height
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line-height: normal;
line-height: 1.5; /* 1.5 times font size */
line-height: 24px;
line-height: 150%;Letter Spacing
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letter-spacing: normal;
letter-spacing: 2px;
letter-spacing: 0.1em;
letter-spacing: -1px;Word Spacing
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word-spacing: normal;
word-spacing: 5px;
word-spacing: 0.3em;Text Shadow
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text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px black, 0 0 25px blue;Google Fonts
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<!-- In HTML head -->
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
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/* In CSS */
body {
font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
}Complete Typography Example
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Typography Demo</title>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Playfair+Display:wght@700&family=Roboto:wght@300;400;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 1.6;
color: #333;
padding: 40px;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
h1 {
font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
font-size: 3em;
font-weight: 700;
color: #2c3e50;
margin-bottom: 10px;
text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
h2 {
font-size: 2em;
color: #34495e;
margin-top: 30px;
margin-bottom: 15px;
border-bottom: 2px solid #3498db;
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
h3 {
font-size: 1.5em;
color: #7f8c8d;
margin-top: 20px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
p {
margin-bottom: 15px;
text-align: justify;
}
.lead {
font-size: 1.25em;
font-weight: 300;
color: #555;
margin-bottom: 30px;
}
.highlight {
background-color: #fff3cd;
padding: 2px 5px;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.uppercase {
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 2px;
font-weight: 700;
color: #3498db;
}
.quote {
font-style: italic;
font-size: 1.2em;
color: #555;
border-left: 4px solid #3498db;
padding-left: 20px;
margin: 30px 0;
}
.small-caps {
font-variant: small-caps;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
a {
color: #3498db;
text-decoration: none;
border-bottom: 1px dotted #3498db;
}
a:hover {
color: #2980b9;
border-bottom: 1px solid #2980b9;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>The Art of Typography</h1>
<p class="lead">Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and appealing when displayed.</p>
<h2>Why Typography Matters</h2>
<p>Good typography enhances the user experience by making content <span class="highlight">easy to read</span> and visually appealing. It establishes visual hierarchy and guides readers through your content.</p>
<p class="quote">"Typography is the craft of endowing human language with a durable visual form." — Robert Bringhurst</p>
<h2>Key Principles</h2>
<h3><span class="uppercase">Readability</span></h3>
<p>Choose fonts that are easy to read. Sans-serif fonts like <span class="small-caps">Roboto</span> work well for body text on screens.</p>
<h3><span class="uppercase">Hierarchy</span></h3>
<p>Use different font sizes, weights, and styles to create a clear visual hierarchy that guides readers through your content.</p>
<h3><span class="uppercase">Consistency</span></h3>
<p>Maintain consistent typography throughout your website. Limit yourself to 2-3 font families maximum.</p>
<p>Learn more about <a href="#">typography best practices</a> and <a href="#">web fonts</a>.</p>
</body>
</html>Preview
Best Practices
- Limit font families: Use 2-3 maximum
- Readable font size: 16px minimum for body text
- Line height: 1.4-1.6 for body text
- Line length: 50-75 characters per line
- Contrast: Ensure sufficient contrast between text and background
- Hierarchy: Use size, weight, and color to create hierarchy